Summary
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Has dramatically increased in level and scale throughout the 1990s. In January 2000 over half of African countries were affected.
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Is caused by inequality, economic decline, state collapse and history.
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Has changed in nature; wars are now predominantly regional.
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Has increasingly affected non-combatants over the past decade as a result of increasing factional fighting and violent action against the civilian population.
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Has caused as many deaths each year as are caused by epidemic diseases, and has uprooted millions of people.
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Is constraining economic growth on the continent as a whole. Its economic impact crosses state borders.
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Has resulted in a marked reduction in food production and serious losses of infrastructure.
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Must be tackled because of the human suffering and also because of the impact on global security and the environment.
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Requires a stronger and more focused international effort encompassing conflict prevention, reduction, resolution and peace building, in order to respond effectively and break the conflict cycle.
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